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Māori electorates
In New Zealand politics, Māori electorates, colloquially also called Māori seats, are a special category of electorate that gives reserved positions to representatives of Māori in the Parliament of New Zealand. Consequently, every area in New Zealand is covered by both a general and a Māori electorate.
Māori electorates were introduced in 1867 under the Maori Representation Act.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.enzs.auckland.ac.nz/document.php?wid=810&action=null )〕 The first Māori elections were held in the following year during the term of the 4th New Zealand Parliament. They were intended as a temporary measure and, despite numerous attempts to disestablish Māori electorates, they continue to form part of the New Zealand political landscape.
==Organisation==
Māori electorates operate much as do general electorates, but have as electors people who are Māori or of Māori descent, and who choose to place their names on a separate electoral roll rather than on the "general roll".
Māori electoral boundaries are superimposed over the electoral boundaries used for general electorates; thus every part of New Zealand simultaneously belongs both in a general seat and in a Māori seat. Shortly after each census all registered Māori electors have the opportunity to choose whether they are included on the Māori or General electorate rolls. Each five-yearly Māori Electoral Option determines the number of Māori electorates for the next one or two elections.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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